There are ways of becoming an oil and gas investor Brookshire Salt Dome apart from directly investing. The country is enjoying a massive oil boom thanks to oil and gas deposits trapped deep inside small-grained shale rock deposits that like beneath Oklahoma, Texas and much of New England. These rich reserves have already propelled the United States into the top position of oil producers in the world.
Novel technologies in hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling have opened up vast reserves of gas and oil that have been hitherto trapped inside the close-grained shale rock deposits deep beneath Texas, Oklahoma and much of New England. Extracting it involves drilling a horizontal hole, laying perforated pipe and blasting holes into the rock.
A mixture of sand, water and a handful of chemicals are then injected into the well to keep the fractures open, allowing the trapped gas and oil to flow through the pipe to the surface. A single frac project can require as much as tens of millions of gallons of frac water. Multiply that by an anticipated tens of thousands of fracking projects and the volume of water is nothing short of astounding.
New technologies in wastewater disposal and recycling are critical to the success of the hydraulic fracturing movement. Not only are large amounts of water trucked or piped into a drilling project, but water lying within the shale rock itself is released by the process. This is called produced water. Frac water, sand, chemicals and produced water flow up to the Earth's surface as backflow.
Produced water can amount to anywhere between three and eight times or more the volume that is pumped under pressure into the ground in order to create the fractures. Some of it is recycled, some of it is transferred into rapid evaporation pits to minimize the amount that has to be transported off site. The remainder is injected, sometimes at high pressures, into wastewater disposal wells.
It is the wastewater disposal wells that are responsible for the occurrence of abnormal seismic activity in areas that are being fractured. Understandably, the public is concerned about this seismic activity. So much that the United States Geological Survey of southern California has been studying what have become known in Oklahoma as "frackquakes." It is not the water used for fracturing that causes the seismic activity.
Scientists with the USGS have established that there is definitely a link between injecting water into disposal wells and associated seismic activity. Another problem with frac water management is the prospect of contaminating public water supplies. There have been reports of people igniting fires under their taps.
One way to become an indirect oil and gas investor Brookshire Salt dome is to invest in high volume frac water technologies. Existing reserves of oil and gas in shale oil deposits contain enough energy to see us well into the next century. Novel ways of recycling and treating wastewater are essential if we are to realize its full potential.
Novel technologies in hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling have opened up vast reserves of gas and oil that have been hitherto trapped inside the close-grained shale rock deposits deep beneath Texas, Oklahoma and much of New England. Extracting it involves drilling a horizontal hole, laying perforated pipe and blasting holes into the rock.
A mixture of sand, water and a handful of chemicals are then injected into the well to keep the fractures open, allowing the trapped gas and oil to flow through the pipe to the surface. A single frac project can require as much as tens of millions of gallons of frac water. Multiply that by an anticipated tens of thousands of fracking projects and the volume of water is nothing short of astounding.
New technologies in wastewater disposal and recycling are critical to the success of the hydraulic fracturing movement. Not only are large amounts of water trucked or piped into a drilling project, but water lying within the shale rock itself is released by the process. This is called produced water. Frac water, sand, chemicals and produced water flow up to the Earth's surface as backflow.
Produced water can amount to anywhere between three and eight times or more the volume that is pumped under pressure into the ground in order to create the fractures. Some of it is recycled, some of it is transferred into rapid evaporation pits to minimize the amount that has to be transported off site. The remainder is injected, sometimes at high pressures, into wastewater disposal wells.
It is the wastewater disposal wells that are responsible for the occurrence of abnormal seismic activity in areas that are being fractured. Understandably, the public is concerned about this seismic activity. So much that the United States Geological Survey of southern California has been studying what have become known in Oklahoma as "frackquakes." It is not the water used for fracturing that causes the seismic activity.
Scientists with the USGS have established that there is definitely a link between injecting water into disposal wells and associated seismic activity. Another problem with frac water management is the prospect of contaminating public water supplies. There have been reports of people igniting fires under their taps.
One way to become an indirect oil and gas investor Brookshire Salt dome is to invest in high volume frac water technologies. Existing reserves of oil and gas in shale oil deposits contain enough energy to see us well into the next century. Novel ways of recycling and treating wastewater are essential if we are to realize its full potential.
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